Nigeria is rich is solid mineral resources, such as: Kaolin, gypsum, mica, clay, tantalite, iron ore, gemstone, silica sand.
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Recycling concrete &building rubble is not only able to bring profit to investors, but also good for environment protection.
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By absorbing the advanced technology from the world, we researched and designed PF series impact crusher.…
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Base on the plentiful experience of producing and marketing of impact crusher, Sofol R&D institution…
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Adopting technology from the world, PY Series spring cone crusher has an excellent performance in secondary…
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The vibrating screen is a kind of sieving equipment of international advanced level, developed by our…
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Sofol VSI Series vertical shaft impact crusher is designed by reputed German expert of Sofol and every…
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The crushed concrete parts are heated at about 300 to 700 °C in a furnace for 1 h. The heated concrete waste are crushed by ball mill for about 1 h. The processed product is separated into gravel aggregate (> 5 mm), sand aggregate (1-5 mm) and cement paste (< 1 mm) by sieving. According to the experiments carried out by KAERI, contamination ...
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This study examines the natural radioactivity in cements and raw materials used in cement production industry with the aim to assess the population exposure to the radiation due to their use in dwellings. The results show that the limestone is the principal contributor for the presence of 226Ra activity concentration in cements. …
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The cement manufacturing process has a substantial environmental impact, primarily. due to its high energy consumption, significant carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions, and the release. of various ...
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Assessment of radioactivity and trace elements of cement … - RADIOACTIVITY CONCENTRATION AND DOSE … generated during the cement manufacturing process consist primarily of particulates from the raw and finished materials, and fuel combustion by-products. Particulate matter are emitted through the following stages: 1. Procurement of …
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A life-cycle assessment of Portland cement manufacturing: comparing the traditional process with alternative technologies . × ... Process flow diagram for the cement manufacturing process, showing energy …
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Radioactive elements are used in industry to study the defect in metals and welded pointed and to trace underground pipe leakage. The reading on the detector increases when a leak is detected as the radiation can escape through the hole in the pipe. 2.4 Sources of Radioactive Radiation. There are two types of radiation sources; Natural sources
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The major raw materials used as a source of CaO for cement manufacturing are limestone, chalk, marl, etc. These raw materials by virtue of their natural occurrence contains other mineral impurities e.g, MgO, SiO 2, Al 2 O 3, Fe 2 O 3, alkali compounds, and sulfides.These impurities play an important role to influence the cement …
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The specific activities of the naturally occurring radionuclides present in ten Portland cement samples that can cause possible health hazards were determined …
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The concern for environmental related impacts of the cement industry is fast growing in recent times. The industry is challenged with high environmental impact which spans through the entire production …
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The present study aimed to assess radioactivity level in thirty cement samples from ve main cement types manufactured and commonly used in Cameroon using a gamma-ray spectrometric technique based-Broad Energy Germanium (BEGe-6530 model) Canberra coaxial detector. The activity concentrations of 226Ra, 232Th, and 40 K in cement …
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The cement industry is a major contributor to carbon emissions, responsible for 5–8% of global emissions. This industry is expanding, particularly in emerging economies, and it is expected that CO2 emissions will rise by 4% by 2050. To address this critical concern, this paper identifies ten factors that contribute to carbon emissions in the …
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The use of LCA for the assessment of the environmental impacts of the cement manufacturing process has been explored by different scientists in various parts of the world. ... and terrestrial ecotoxicity (10.7%). The contribution of electricity usage to ionization radiation was 2.2%, followed by human non-carcinogenic toxicity (1.38%), …
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Process emissions accounted for 60% of overall CO2 emissions, with energy-related emissions accounting for the remaining 40%. CO2 emissions of MCF are below the global limit of 0.9 tons/ton of ...
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In this study, cement factory raw materials, intermediate materials, and five different types of cement samples were investigated to determine the activity …
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Abstract. An essential part of modern quality management system in cement production is state-of-the-art radiation measurement technologies based on methods of …
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The cement manufacturing process mainly includes four steps: resource extraction, raw material preparation, ... Fig. 5: Life-cycle assessment framework for cement manufacturing.
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The article presents concentrations of natural radioactive radionuclides of radium ( 226 Ra), thorium ( 232 Th), and potassium ( 40 K) for 15 various types of …
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Assessment of radioactivity levels and radiation hazards using gamma spectrometry in soil samples of Edirne, Turkey. ... During the manufacturing process in the cement industry, raw materials of ...
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Abstract. In this paper, an assessment of the viability of 3 CO2 capture technologies for the cement industry is performed; post-combustion absorptive capture (MEA) and oxy-combustion options are ...
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It found Sublime's manufacturing process resulted in a GWP of 72 kg CO 2 /tonne for a Sublime Cement™ blend, compared to the 922 kg CO 2 /tonne GWP found in the EPD for industry-wide ...
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The results may be useful in the assessment of the exposures and the radiation doses due to the natural radioactive element contents in cement samples. The mean activity concentrations of 226 Ra, 232 Th, and 40 K were 13.82, 20.07 and 327.36 Bq·kg −1 in cement samples and 8.52, 16.47 and 354.39 Bq·kg −1 in cement …
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Abstract. Radiation Shielding Concrete plays a critical role in safeguarding against ionizing radiation, in nuclear power plants, medical facilities, and other radiation …
DetailsIn addition to the generation of CO 2 the cement manufacturing process produces millions of tons of the waste product cement kiln dust (CKD) ... Therefore, in an attempt to reduce uncertainty this study presents a cradle-to-gate life-cycle assessment of several cement products. Since cement manufacturing is the most energy and …
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Abstract. In this paper, an assessment of the viability of 3 CO 2 capture technologies for the cement industry is performed; post-combustion absorptive capture (MEA) and oxy-combustion options are concepts already used by other industries and currently explored by the power sector; calcium looping post-combustion capture …
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After completing the material balance of the process, the impact category of GWP, HH, and AP are determined via matrix calculation. These impact categories are chosen due to the relationship of the output of cement production such as particulate matter, CO 2, SO 2, and NO 2.The calculation is performed by using the general matrix …
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Natural Radioactivity and Hazard Level Assessment of Cements and Cement Raw Materials. January 2019. DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-95888-0_14. In book: …
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Dust emissions are one of the most significant impacts of cement manufacturing and associated with handling and storage of raw materials (including crushing and grinding of raw materials), solid fuels, transportation of materials (e.g. by trucks or conveyor belts), kiln systems, clinker coolers, and mills, including clinker and limestone burning and …
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It is obvious that radioactivity in cement poses an immediate source of radiation exposure to workers in the cement industry and general public once cement …
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Cement is a building material that is commonly used in construction worldwide and is known to contain varying levels of radionuclides and trace metals. It is obvious that radioactivity in cement poses an immediate source of radiation exposure to workers in the cement industry and general public once cement becomes an integral part of the …
DetailsCement has radioactivity due to the presence of natural radionuclides (226 Ra, 232 Th, and 40 K). The natural radionuclide concentrations in cement and its raw materials such as limestone, gypsum, and fly ash, etc. have a wide range based on their …
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Stage of Cement Manufacture. There are six main stages of the cement manufacturing process. Stage 1: Raw Material Extraction/Quarry The raw cement ingredients needed for cement production are limestone (calcium), sand and clay (silicon, aluminum, iron), shale, fly ash, mill scale, and bauxite. The ore rocks are quarried and crushed into smaller …
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Concern over the impact of anthropogenic carbon emissions on the global climate has increased in recent years due to growth in global warming awareness. Approximately 5% of global CO 2 emissions originate from the manufacturing of cement, the third largest source of carbon emission in the United States. In addition to the …
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PE series jaw crusher is usually used as primary crusher in quarry production lines, mineral ore crushing plants and powder making plants.
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