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Seismic refraction is considered as one of the main geophysical techniques used to investigate the subsurface layering and/or local anomalies. This technique is routinely used in many applications such as engineering, environmental, groundwater, hydrocarbon, and industrial-mineral exploration ( Lankston, 1989 ; Hodgkinson and …
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Earth exploration - Seismic Refraction, Waves, Surveys: Seismic methods are based on measurements of the time interval between initiation of a seismic (elastic) wave and its arrival at detectors. The seismic wave may be generated by an explosion, a dropped weight, a mechanical vibrator, a bubble of high-pressure air injected into water, or other …
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The authors have developed a new method for the analysis of seismic refraction data, which can handle both surface and borehole data simultaneously. The main features of the method we developed are as follows: (1) The algorithm of analysis is based on the tomographic reconstruction technique, and refraction data can be …
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penetration (Ding et al., 2021). Seismic methods are used to detect subsurface voids created by mining tunnels. Some of the seismic techniques that have been utilized for the detection of voids include multichannel analysis of surface wave (MASW), seismic P- wave refraction, and seismic P-wave reflection (Ivanov et al., …
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The refraction method is widely used for the characterization of groundwater depth. In particular, in porous soils, the unsaturated vs saturated interface, is a refracting surface, efficaciously detected by the afore-mentioned exploration method (Haeni, 1988).Lawton (1990) compared V P and V S values of subsoil models obtained from …
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Seismic reflection has largely been used for deep petroleum and mining exploration, but shallow seismic reflection techniques may be applicable for target depths between 65 and 100 feet (Lucius, et al., 2007). Jump to. Typical Uses; ... In seismic refraction methods, the critical distance is defined as the distance beyond which the refracted ...
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Quarry and mining management seek to understand ground excavatability. With effective assessment, earthwork could be planned to reduce unnecessary expenditure. Considering this, a study was conducted at Kota Tinggi district (Johor) to investigate the ground subsurface for excavation assessment prior to developing a quarry. Seismic refraction …
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at a new mining area located southeast of Cairo, Egypt through the construction of ground models. No borehole data exist in the area under investigation. These models are derived from a dense, P-wave, shallow seismic refraction survey. The shallow seismic refraction profiles were carefully designed to reach the clay layer. The data quality
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Seismic Reflection and Refraction Methods. Seismic reflection and refraction methods are major tools in natural hazard assessments. Useful tools were developed to aid in processing and modeling of these data. RayGUI is a Graphical User Interface (GUI) that allows you to interactively edit velocity models and ray-tracing …
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Campell, Seismic methods in mineral exploration and mine planning: a general overview of past and present case histories and a look into the future. Geophysics. 77, WC173–WC190 (2012). Article ...
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Learn how seismic waves can be used to determine the structure of a single layer of the Earth's crust in this chapter of Geosciences LibreTexts. You will explore the concepts of seismic refraction, critical angle, travel time and velocity, and how they relate to the properties of the layer. This chapter also includes examples, exercises and …
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The basic principle in the refraction seismic method depends on the analysis of the first-arrival compressional head wave in the seismic shot gathers. In this study, we use an advanced seismic refraction analysis technique in ReflexW software (Sandmeier 1998 ) to analyse and generate the refraction tomogram (RT).
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Chapter 2 Seismic Exploration: Fundamental Considerations; Chapter 3 Seismic Exploration: The Refraction Method; Chapter 4 Seismic Exploration: The Reflection Method; Chapter 5 Electrical Resistivity; Chapter 6 Exploration Using Gravity; Chapter 7 Exploration Using the Magnetic Method; Chapter 8 Electromagnetic …
DetailsDOI: 10.1016/S1365-1609(01)00045-4 Corpus ID: 129591753; High resolution seismic refraction method using surface and borehole data for site characterization of rocks @article{Hayashi2001HighRS, title={High resolution seismic refraction method using surface and borehole data for site characterization of rocks}, author={K. Hayashi and T. …
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fl. the seismic refraction method, where articially-generated seismic waves propagate. fi. into the Earth and spread out as hemispherical wave fronts (Fig. 2a). The concept of. a ray path, which trends perpendicular to the wave front, is used to describe the subsurface propagation of a wave.
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Based Seismic Refraction Method Muhammad Mukhlisin1,2, ... The seismic method is an exploratory method based on measuring the response of seismic waves (sound) inserted into ... mining management.
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A combination of seismic refraction survey, electrical resistivity method and integration with borehole method has been used for ground exploration to study the slope surface failure along the ...
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The seismic refraction surveying method uses seismic energy that returns to the surface after traveling through the ground along refracted ray paths. The first arrival of seismic energy at a detector offset from a seismic source always represents either a direct ray or a refracted ray. This fact allows simple refraction surveys to be performed in …
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Applied seismic methods comprise sending impulses underground and registering the resulting refracted arrivals from subsurface interfaces on a number of receivers positioned on or near …
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Other seismic methods less frequently investigated in tailings areas include the analysis of seismic surface waves by passive seismic interferometry (Olivier et al. 2017) and MASW (Cracknell et al. 2019). From these applications, it is inferred that, compressional- and shear-wave velocities estimated by seismic methods can be used to determine the
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The intercept-time method is based on the transformation of travel time of the refracted wave into the time intercept line (Ti line) for seismic boundaries with different velocity Vr. The ...
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The electrical resistivity method can be used as a complementary method with seismic refraction surveys, since resistivity is useful in distinguishing competent from weathered rock in most cases. The example below displays a seismic refraction tomography survey conducted over slag heaps at an old smelter site to aid in remediation planning for ...
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The methods for recognising velocity inversions are reviewed. A field example from a high-way investigation in Australia is also discussed. It is concluded that a combination of drilling and seismic refraction using both shallow shots and shots within the low velocity layer can, to some extent, reduce errors associated with velocity inversions.
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Integrated geophysical surveys using ground penetrating radar (GPR), seismic and electrical resistivity tomography, are carried out to characterize the subsidence, combining with engineering examples in the Glauber's salt mining area in the northwestern region of Gansu Province, China. Because some of the dissolved ore …
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35 meters. Seismic refraction methods fail at this site because of an intra-alluvial velocity inversion. Two seismic reflection surveys were conducted at the same location along a country road and were intended to outline the buried river channel. The older survey was conducted in 1985 and the newer in 1995.
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Many of these old mines were operated with the room-and-pillar mining method and represent a major subsidence risk where standing and/or partially collapsed workings lie within 100m of the ground surface. ... The orebody has the form of a narrow, steeply dipping sheet displaced by several crossfaults. Seismic refraction data clearly define the ...
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Abstract. Since the early 1960s, the near-surface seismic refraction method has been extensively used as a. non-invasive and cost-effective geophysical method to characterize geological structures ...
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The seismic refraction method delineated two layers, with the result of the allowable bearing capacity ranging between 0.092 and 0.593 MPa, the ultimate bearing capacity varied from 0.369 to 2.298 ...
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Seismic refraction method was employed using 2-D tomography technique, where its output was validated using existing borehole, geological data and previous research works to achieve a comprehensive interpretation. ... Many researchers have used seismic refraction in quarry/mining studies. Kausarian et al. (2014) conducted …
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PE series jaw crusher is usually used as primary crusher in quarry production lines, mineral ore crushing plants and powder making plants.
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