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Circulating fluidized bed reactors are often employed to deal with the gas–solid reactions in the energy industry. Since two interconnected beds are generally required to achieve circulating fluidization of particles, the device for realizing gas–solid circulating fluidization can be collectively termed the dual-bed gas–solid circulating …
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The fluidized-bed reactor has the ability to process large volumes of fluid. For the catalytic cracking of petroleum naphthas to form gasoline blends, for example, the virtues of the fluidized-bed reactor drove its competitors from the market. Fluidization occurs when small solid particles are suspended in an upward-
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The fluidized-bed reactor has the ability to process large volumes of fluid. For the catalytic cracking of petroleum naphthas to form gasoline blends, for example, the virtues of the fluidized-bed reactor drove its competitors from the market. Fluidization occurs when small solid particles are suspended in an upward-
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A fluidized-bed reactor (FBR) is a combination of the two most common configurations, stirred tank and packed bed continuous flow reactors. It has excellent heat- and mass …
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Fluidized Bed Reactor. In chemical industries fluidized bed reactors are used for solid gas reaction. In this we use gases as a fluidizing media to fluidize the solid catalyst, which is a bed of finely divided solid particles. This fine powder is contained in a cylindrical vertical shell, having a grid at the bottom to support the catalyst bed ...
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Gas-solid fluidized beds have drawn the attention of engineers and researchers as an effective technology for a large variety of applications, and num…
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Fluidized Bed Reactor. Shaofen LiProfessor, in Reaction Engineering, 2017. 8.5 Circulating Fluidized Bed 8.5.1 Introduction. A circulating fluidized bed (CFB) is a fluidized bed system that includes a riser and a down-comer with the solid particles circulating between them. The riser is operated in a fast fluidization regime, with solids …
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Summary. Fluidized-bed reactors are used for solid-catalyzed reactions when their desirable features (favorable heat transfer, temperature uniformity, high effectiveness factors, low pressure drop, and ability to add/remove catalyst) outweigh their disadvantages (entrainment, attrition, wear, nonuniform residence time distributions ...
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The pyrolysis of waste tires using a fluidized bed reactor has been studied by Dai et al. [100] and showed that an increase in temperature, residence time, and particle size led to a decrease in the yield of tire char. This result is similar to a model result in the reported literature [154]. It is reported that the sulfur content of tire char ...
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Abstract. Fluidized bed reactors are widely used in the petrochemical (catalytic cracking) and chemical process industries (phthalic and maleic anhydride, oxychlorination of ethylene, acrylonitrile, alkylchloride production etc.). They are often selected as the reactor of choice for certain processes in which solids handling or a high heat ...
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The reactor temperature was maintained at 400 °C, 450 °C, 500 °C or 550 °C by the use of separate external heaters for the fluidized bed, freeboard and cyclone. The bed material was silica sand of mean size 250 μm, with a static bed depth of 8 cm. Fluidization was maintained at the minimum fluidizing velocity of 0.027 m/s at 550 °C.
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This chapter focuses on fluidized bed reactors and provides tools, techniques and strategies for design, technology development, and project execution. In the preliminary stages of design (e.g. pre-feasibility and feasibility studies), a number of alternatives and operating conditions are commonly explored. ... The reactor modelling includes ...
DetailsThis sand bed is followed by a 1075 mm long free board zone in which no sand is fluidizing. The fluidized sand bed has a height of 650 mm and the sand a size of 0.3–0.7 mm. The fluidized bed reactor is heated by four steel heating tubes which are using propane or the excess gas of the pyrolysis products. Fig. 2 shows a view inside the …
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Learn about fluidized bed reactors, heterogeneous catalytic reactors in which the catalyst is fluidized within the reactor. See examples, advantages, disadv…
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Newer Developments in Modeling Fluidized-Bed Reactors. 9.3.1. Computational Fluid Dynamics. 9.3.2. Modeling of Fluidized-Bed Systems. 10. Scale-up. The article gives an overview on fundamentals and applications of fluidized-bed technology. Some basic fluid-mechanical principles—minimum fluidization velocity, …
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1. Introduction. In 1921, Fritz Winkler made the first application of fluidized-state reactor (or fluidized beds, FBs) for coal gasification. Since then, fluidization technology has been widely employed in many industrial processes such as oil refining [1], coal-fired boiler [2], biomass gasification [3], [4] and gas pollutants removal [5].The …
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195750. A fluidized bed is a state of a two-phase mixture of particulate solid material and fluid, which is widely used in many modern technologies for efficient implementation of various physical and chemical processes. Fluidized beds have been used in technological processes such as: cracking and reforming of hydrocarbons (oil), carbonization ...
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The fluidized-bed bioreactor (FBBR) is an application of the LS fluidized bed. These bioreactors can be run in a single or double column system, depending on the treatment process being carried out. The FBBR is an attached-growth process. The microbes attach to the fluidized media and form a biofilm on the surface (Fig. 5) [1].
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The Envirogen fluidized bed reactor is a proprietary biological water treatment system deployed to remove organics or oxyanions (i.e., nitrate, selenium, perchlorate) from water. It can achieve high treatment efficiencies of greater than 99% as an active, fixed-film bioreactor that fosters the growth of microorganisms on a hydraulically ...
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The primary bubbling fluidized bed consists of gas bubbles flowing through a dense emulsion region with gas percolating through the bed of solids. A fluidized bed reactor of this type designed for catalytic reactions operated in the bubbling bed regime has been shown in Fig. 10.3. In many cases the particle entrainment rate is so low that the ...
DetailsA fluidized bed reactor is a packed bed in which high velocity fluid flow creates a particle-fluid mixture that acts same as fluid.
DetailsThe fluidized-bed reactor is the centerpiece of industrial fluidization processes. This book focuses on the design and operation of fluidized beds in many different industrial processes ...
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This chapter covers key features of ˜uidized bed reactors for catalytic and noncatalytic reactions involving solid particles and one or more ˜uids, most commonly a gas, and also liquids and gas-liquid mixtures. Fluidized beds "nd wide application in several industries-chemical processes, petrochemicals, polymers, mineral processing ...
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Fluidized Bed. A circulating fluidized bed is a more complex kind of bubbling fluidized bed in which solid particles entrained from the reactor are separated by the cyclone and returned to the bed (Treedet and Suntivarakorn, 2018).
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Fluidized bed reactors (Fig. 27.3) are similar to packed bed reactors but with a smaller catalyst loading. This considerably lowers the pressure drop when pumping water …
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Turbulent Fluidization. Turbulent regime has the following features:-. High solid hold-ups (typically 25-35 % by volume). Limited axial mixing of gas. Suitable for exothermic and fast reactions. Good gas-solid contact and hence, favors reactant conversion. high gas flow-rates operation and good for isothermal operation.
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Newer Developments in Modeling Fluidized-Bed Reactors. 9.3.1. Computational Fluid Dynamics. 9.3.2. Modeling of Fluidized-Bed Systems. 10. Scale-up. The article gives an overview on fundamentals and applications of fluidized-bed technology. Some basic fluid-mechanical principles—minimum fluidization velocity, status diagram, gas distribution ...
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The first commercial circulating fluid bed reactor, PCLA #1 (Powdered Catalyst Louisiana), went on stream on May 25, 1942, in the Baton Rouge Refinery of the Standard Oil Company of New Jersey (now ExxonMobil Corporation). ... The creation and development of the fluidized bed reactor system for catalytic cracking of petroleum was a cooperative ...
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The heat-transfer rate in a fluidized bed can be five to ten times greater than that in a packed-bed reactor. Moving particles, especially small particles, can transport heat much more efficiently than gas alone. Even for the most extreme exothermic reactions, a fluidized bed can maintain an iso-thermal profile within a few degrees.
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Fluidized Bed Reactor Components. Inlet to. The material fluidized is a solid (catalyst). The fluidizing medium is either a gas or a liquid. Gas distributor. Advantages. It has process. …
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The fluidized-bed reactor has the ability to process large volumes of fluid. For the catalytic cracking of petroleum naphthas to form gasoline blends, for example, the virtues …
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Learn about the characteristics, designs and modeling of fluidized bed reactors, which are used for various industrial processes. Find out the different flow …
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