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Schematic diagram of rotary kiln coke calciner (not to scale) Green coke is unloaded from hopper cars, crushed to less than 10 cm size in a roll crusher and stored in the feed bin. ... (1972) Computerized model to determine the optimum design and operating parameters for rotary kilns for petroleum coke calcination. Light Metals, pp. 151-161 ...
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The calcination of dolomite stone, which is one of the main stages of the sintered. dolomite manufacturing, is chemical process which proceeds in a vertical shaft or rotary kiln. When heated, the ...
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A three-dimensional steady-state mathematical model of a rotary calcining kiln for the petroleum coke is presented. The model takes into account all the physical phenomena of interest, from gas flow, heat transfer, volatile matter and coke dust evolution and combustion, to the granular bed motion and the thermal effects of the refractories.
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requirements for green coke quality, for which the extra coke burning control and waste heat recuperation play a very important role. Both the calcination process control and waste heat recovery mainly depend on the calciner itself and the affiliated facilities. Most of CPC is produced by either vertical shaft calciners or rotary kilns in China.
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Calcinations of coke are usually d one in a rotary kiln at about. 1300°C to 1500°C. During the process the coke is further. decomposed, increasing in the carbon to hydrogen ratio from 20 of ...
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There are two main types of petroleum coke: green coke and calcined coke. 1. Green Coke. Green coke is the raw material used to produce calcined coke. It is the solid carbon byproduct of the oil refining process. Green coke has a high moisture and volatile matter content. 2. Calcined Coke. Calcined coke is the product from the …
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by the drying kiln, dried green petroleum coke is then undergone the calcination process in the rotary kiln. Afterwards, it is then cooled to a temperature below 80 o C by the cooler.
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Rotary kilns have been used successfully for many years to produce calcined coke for the aluminium industry and they offer a high level of automation, performance and flexibility. Shaft calciners make a high bulk density, coarse particle size product and several papers have been published recently highlighting these benefits. This paper presents a …
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Four hundred thousand tons of green coke is calcined at the calcining facilities in the Krasnoyarsk Aluminum Smelter per year using four kilns ... It is likely that, under industrial calcination in a rotary kiln, there is not only an explosive release of volatiles, the result of which is an increase in the number of larger pores, but also an ...
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The resulting green coke produced from heavy crude oil pro-cessing has a higher sulfur content, which requires a significant increase in the calcination temperature and residence time. However, it is challenging to realize such a high-temperature calcination process. This project developed an advanced CHP system utilizing the . integrated by ...
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Download Table | Rotary Kiln Design Characteristics from publication: Influence of Calcination Temperature and Sulfur Level on Coke Properties | The majority of RUSAL's Russian smelters have to ...
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The rotary kiln is used in many solid processes, including drying, incineration, heating, cooling, humidification, calcination and reduction. This widespread application can be attributed to factors such as the ability to handle varied loads, with large variations in particle size [1].The rotary kiln is a slightly inclined steel cylinder that rests …
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The injected oxygen (O 2) reacts with the volatiles and entrained coke fines liberated from the coke travelling downhill.As the injected O 2 is not sufficient to burn all volatiles, the O 2 concentration in the kiln gases travelling upstream reaches very low values towards the upstream end (gas outlet) of the kiln [].Typically, carbonaceous …
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During the calcination process, the GPC is heated to remove the volatiles and sulfur to produce purified calcined coke, which is used in the production of graphite, electrodes, metal carburizers, and other carbon products. Currently, more than 80% of calcined coke is produced in rotary kilns or rotary hearth furnaces.
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Keywords Coke calciner, rotary kiln, mathematical model, heat transfer. Introduction Green petroleum coke must be calcined before being used for electrode manufacturing. Moisture and volatiles are removed from the coke during calcination in order to prevent cracking due to shrinkage in the subsequent baking of the electrodes.
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Calcined coke is the best material for making carbon anodes for smelting of alumina to aluminum. Petroleum coke is usually calcined in a gas-fired rotary kiln or rotary hearth at high temperatures, around 1200 to 1450 °C, to remove moisture, drive off volatile matters, increase the density of the coke, increase physical strength, and electrical conductivity of …
DetailsThe yield of calcined coke per ton of green coke is significantly higher in a shaft calciner. A typical yield in a rotary kiln (dry basis) is 77-79% which represents the yield after loss of VM and fines. The comparable yield for a shaft calciner is 85-88%. The coke residence time is much shorter in a rotary kiln than a shaft calciner (~50 ...
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Published Online: . The objective of this study is to simulate the green petroleum coke calcining processes using the simulation program HYSYS and using actual industrial data. Because counter-current mass flow is not allowed in the HYSYS program, the kiln was described by using fictive streams and unit operations.
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Abstract. Rotary kilns have been used successfully for many years to produce calcined coke for the aluminium industry and they offer a high level of automation, performance and flexibility. Shaft calciners make a high bulk density, coarse particle size product and several papers have been published recently highlighting these benefits.
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After removing the moisture by the drying kiln, dried green petroleum coke is then undergone the calcination process in the rotary kiln. Afterwards, it is then cooled to a temperature below 80 o C ...
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Calcination is accomplished by the gradual heating of the green coke (GC) from ambient temperature to temperatures around 1390°C in a rotary kiln. The kiln is operated as a counter-flow heat exchanger and described elsewhere [4]. There are certain properties in green coke that a calciner must take into consideration such as: moisture, sulfur ...
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A 2D axisymmetric computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model, coupled to a 1D bed model, has been developed to capture the key processes that occur within rotary lime kilns. The model simulates the calcination reaction using a shrinking core model, and predicts the start of calcination and the degree of calcination at the end of the kiln. The …
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Definitions. This invention relates to the calcination of carbonaceous materials, particularly petroleum coke such as intended to provide carbon for making electrodes or the like. Calcining operations of this sort are commonly performed in a rotary kiln into which the green petroleum coke in suitable particulate form is fed at one end, for delivery of …
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The objective of this study is to simulate the green petroleum coke calcining processes using the simulation program HYSYS and using actual industrial data. Because counter-current mass flow is not allowed in the HYSYS program, the kiln was described by using fictive streams and unit operations. By the simulation, it is possible to predict the …
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A three-dimensional steady-state mathematical model of a rotary calcining kiln for the petroleum coke is presented. The model takes into account all the physical phenomena of interest, from gas flow, heat transfer, volatile matter and coke dust evolution and combustion, to the granular bed motion and the thermal effects of the refractories. The …
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The HYSYS simulation flow sheet of the coke calcinations processes is depicted in Figure 2 which shows the three calcination zones. The simulation 2010). Process simulation assumes good mixing inside the kiln; which is accomplished by rotating the kiln at an inclined position as well as by the presence of tumblers. Moreover, it was assumed that
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At present,the petroleum coke is mainly calcined by vertical shaft furnace or rotary kiln to meet the requirement of prebaked anode used for aluminium reduction in China.Vertical shaft furnace for calcination is quite different from rotary kiln for calcination in the principle of calcination process,calcined coke quality,product availability,production …
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Calcined coke is the best material for making carbon anodes for smelting of alumina to aluminum. Petroleum coke is usually calcined in a gas-fired rotary kiln or rotary hearth at high temperatures ...
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With the rotary kiln, the carbon loss can be up to 7–10% due to the additional dust generation described earlier. Operational Flexibility. When there are changes in the green coke feed properties, such as the moisture or volatile content, it is important for the calcining furnace to be able to react quickly to maintain a consistent product ...
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Keywords—Calcination, coke, rotary Kiln, petroleum . I. INTRODUCTION ... experience with multiple rotary kiln and shaft calciners. When green coke quality changes significantly, it is easier and ...
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A one-dimensional mathematical model was developed for the simulation of petroleum coke calcination in rotary kilns. The model is comprised of 14 ordinary differential equations derived from mass ...
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Petroleum coke is one of the main raw materials used for carbon anode in the aluminum electrolytic industry. Calcination of petroleum coke is the first process of prebaked anode preparation.1,2 Green petroleum coke needs be calcined to remove moisture and volatiles, and to obtain an appropriate crystalline structure.3 The class of …
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Select 11 - Rotary Kiln Petroleum Coke Calcination Process: Some Design Considerations. Book chapter Full text access. 11 - Rotary Kiln Petroleum Coke Calcination Process: Some Design Considerations. ... In its raw form, it is also called "green coke" or green petroleum coke. Calcined petroleum coke is an important …
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A one-dimensional mathematical model was developed for the simulation of petroleum coke calcination in rotary kilns. The model is comprised of 14 ordinary differential equations derived from mass ...
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In the calcining process, the kiln is usually divided into three zones, i.e., preheating zone, calcining zone and cooling zone, as shown in Fig. 1. The preheating zone is at the beginning of the ...
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The process of calcining coke in a rotary kiln is always associated with both inevitable and controlled coke losses. Inevitable losses occur due to both demoisturization and devolatilization, i.e. such losses are a function of the properties of a coke source. Controlled losses are a function of the following: calcination parameters, the condition of the …
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Rotary calciners, also commonly called indirect kilns, are used in various calcination operations where exhaust gases must be minimized, when processing finely divided solids, or where temperature must be tightly …
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PE series jaw crusher is usually used as primary crusher in quarry production lines, mineral ore crushing plants and powder making plants.
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