Nigeria is rich is solid mineral resources, such as: Kaolin, gypsum, mica, clay, tantalite, iron ore, gemstone, silica sand.
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Summary. Land use change driven by mining is a major environmental concern, affecting ecology and local populations via habitat destruction, water use, and pollution. The provenance of the iron ore used in steel products is difficult to identify for built environment practitioners due to opaque global supply chains.
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Mining has advanced primarily through the use of two strategies: pyrometallurgy and hydrometallurgy. Both have been used successfully to extract valuable metals from ore deposits. These strategies, without a doubt, harm the environment. Furthermore, due to decades of excessive mining, there has been a global decline in …
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to dispose of the substantial waste rock. Sulfide mining is different from traditional iron ore mines and taconite mining (sometimes referred to as ferrous mining). Sulfide mines have never been operated safely – no mine of this type has been known to have operated and closed without polluting local lakes, rivers, or groundwater.ii
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The extent to which iron ore tailings are produced at different washing plants in India from iron-ore mining activities is presented in Table 1. From the foregoing, it is evident that large quantities of iron ore slimes are annually produced in India and the iron content of such waste streams varies between 52 and 62.8% Fe.
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After the beneciation of iron ore, the waste is generated, which arise many environmental issues for both living and non-living components. Iron ore tailings are a byproduct of the mining and processing of iron ore, and their potential use as a ... it has negative impacts on both human health and the eco-system by evolving carbon dioxide (CO 2 ...
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Particularly, iron ore tailings (IOT) as ordinary industrial solid waste in China is discharged and deposited. This review is a recapitulation of the material characteristics of IOT and its effects on the workability, mechanical properties, and durability of concrete.
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The mining industry triggers intense environmental impacts. Human exposure to multiple small particles from mining effluent, such as dust, uranium, iron, lead, zinc, silicon, titanium, sulfur, nitrogen, platinum, chromium, vanadium, manganese, and mercury, is a health risk. Such elements can have several pathological effects, such as ...
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In India, there are over 34,000 people working in iron ore mining. The domestic iron and steel, sponge iron, ferrous alloys, and alloy steel sectors consume about 47% of the total output. Iron ore exports totaled 29.5 million metric tonnes during the years 1999 and 2000, with China and Japan each receiving 22% and 50% of such shipments ...
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This reuse is justified by the depletion of ore deposits with high iron content in the state [48,49]. In this way, it may be possible to recover millions of tons of discarded iron. For example, from magnetic separation, the iron-rich waste material could be reused as a circulating load in the raw iron ore concentration route.
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Sintering pot experiments are widely used for studying the iron ore sintering process, especially large sinter pot experiments, which can simulate real-scale sintering processes from the viewpoint of the congener distribution of PCDD/Fs emissions (Thompson et al., 2016).The experiments were conducted in a sintering pot (300 mm in …
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During the last hundred years, industrialisation has grown at a fast rate. It has thus increased the demand for exploitation of the Earth's natural resources at a careless rate, which has exacerbated the world's problem of environmental pollution [4].The environment has been seriously polluted by several pollutants such as inorganic ions, …
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Introduction. Mining is an economic activity that intensified during the twentieth and twenty-first centuries to satisfy the demands of industrial development, which has caused serious social, environmental and economic impacts, especially in resource-rich regions 1, 2.China is one of the first countries worldwide to exploit and utilize iron …
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Steel production uses over 98% of the iron ore available on the global market. Iron ore is a significant material that is used to extract metallic iron. Due to the increasing demand for metals, mining, and processing must be done continuously, producing a lot of liquid and solid waste. Massive amounts of tailings containing dangerous elements, including Fe, …
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The inhibition effect of calcined lime (CaO) and limestone (CaCO3) on the formation of dioxins during iron ore co-sintering with fly ash was investigated in a sinter pot in the present work. Experimental …
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Mining waste may contain potential minerals that can act as essential feedstock for long-term carbon sequestration through a mineral carbonation process. This study attempts to identify the mineralogical and chemical composition of iron ore mining waste alongside the effects of particle size, temperature, and pH on carbonation …
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Mining waste that is rich in iron-, calcium- and magnesium-bearing minerals can be a potential feedstock for sequestering CO 2 by mineral carbonation. This study highlights the utilization of iron ore mining waste in sequestering CO 2 under low-reaction condition of a mineral carbonation process.
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The experiment involving ammonia injection was conducted to minimize solid fuel consumption and carbon emissions during the sintering process of iron ore. The sintering bed temperature, sintered ore quality, combustion efficiency, and pollutant emission under different ammonia injection concentrations and coke ratios were …
Detailsiron processing, use of a smelting process to turn the ore into a form from which products can be fashioned. Included in this article also is a discussion of the mining of iron and of its preparation for smelting. Iron (Fe) is a relatively dense metal with a silvery white appearance and distinctive magnetic properties.
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Tailings are the waste materials generated from mining activities and are typically stored in large man-made earthen dams in the form of slurry. Failures of such tailings dams can have deleterious effects on the environment and even impact areas that are miles away from the failed dam. ... Out of seventeen cases of iron ore tailings dam ...
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Besides these, this paper collects the available date of the steel production of primary iron ore importers and four main producers in iron. Result. Between 2000 and 2019, the export volume of global iron ore increased almost 2.6 times. The export value of the global iron ore trade was more than 118.3 billion US dollars and 1158.77 million tons ...
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Background Mining activities, including prospecting, exploration, construction, operation, maintenance, expansion, abandonment, decommissioning and repurposing of a mine can impact social and environmental systems in a range of positive and negative, and direct and indirect ways. Mining can yield a range of benefits to …
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The specific surface area of iron ore waste was measured by the -spot test method (Arnepalli et al., 2008). The pH of iron ore waste was measured with ultra-pure water (18.5 MΩ) at iron ore wastes-to-water of 1:2.5 by Starter 300 pH meter (OHAUS, U.S.)(Li et al., 2021). The cation-exchange capacities (CEC) of iron ore wastes were …
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"Impact of the chemical composition of aggregates on the adhesion quality and durability of asphalt-aggregate systems." ... "The preparation of magnetite, goethite, hematite and maghemite of pigment quality from mill scale iron waste." Dye. Pigment. 74 (1): 161 ... G. L., D. O. Akanbi, and N. Building. 2016. "Effect of iron ore ...
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Mineral carbonation is an increasingly popular method for carbon capture and storage that resembles the natural weathering process of alkaline-earth oxides for carbon dioxide removal into stable carbonates. This study aims to evaluate the potential of reusing Fe-rich mine waste for carbon sequestration by assessing the influence of pH …
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Iron ore tailings (IOTs) are a byproduct of the iron ore beneficiation process and are a significant source of solid waste [13, 14]. In China alone, an astounding 600 million tons of IOTs are ...
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LOI of iron ore has a negative impact on the pelletization process due to the generation of the micro-cracks in the pellet during induration [18, 19]. Indian iron ore is found to be kaolinite rich
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Production of nickel, zinc, and iron and steel had similar levels of environmental impacts with total endpoint impacts ranging between 1.3E−3 and 1.6E−3 DALY/US$1000 and 3.2E−6 to 3.6E−6 ...
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Effects of one dark septate endophytic fungal and two Helotiales strains on the growth of plane-leaved willow ( Salix planifolia ) cuttings on iron ore waste rock July 2021 Botany 99(11):1-9
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Iron is also part of myoglobin, a protein that carries and stores oxygen specifically in muscle tissues. Iron is important for healthy brain development and growth in children, and for the normal production and function of various cells and hormones. Iron from food comes in two forms: heme and non-heme. Heme is found only in animal flesh like ...
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Waste heat recovery is a key element for an industry to operate successfully and sustainably, as energy costs significantly impact the decision-making process. A SP (suspension preheater) system has played a significant role in recent advances in the cement manufacturing industry. The suspension preheater and pre-calcinator used in …
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Abstract. Sintering is the most economic and widely used agglomeration process to prepare iron ore fines for blast furnace use. In this chapter, the sintering process is first described to identify the key steps of the process, that is, granulation and thermal densification. Discussion is then focused on the effect of the chemical, physical ...
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